Mathematical ability and autism
What we want to find out
We are looking at whether certain genetic factors are connected to mathematical ability.
This project builds on our earlier genetic research by using next-generation whole-genome sequencing, in partnership with Illumina Inc.
There is a higher-than-expected representation of autistic people working in the field of mathematics. Therefore, we’re also looking at whether the genetics of mathematical ability and autism overlap.
Why we’re doing this research
Our goal is to better understand the full range of human neurodiversity. If we find shared genetic links between mathematical ability and autism, it may broaden our understanding of both areas and help shift public conversations toward a more accurate and strengths-based view of autistic people.
Method
We recruited highly trained mathematicians – such as mathematics professors and award-winners in the field of mathematics – who have completed assessments measuring autistic traits.
We used whole-genome sequencing and Sanger sequencing – a precise method of DNA analysis.
Potential impact
This work contributes mainly to the field of genetics, but it may also support a more nuanced understanding of autism. Instead of viewing autism only through a medical or deficit-based lens, this research may also help highlight autism as a neurodevelopmental difference that can relate to many kinds of strengths, including pattern recognition.
Selected Publications
- Genetics of Mathematical Aptitude, eLS DOI: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0026848 (2016), V Warrier, S Baron-Cohen
- Autism, maths, and sex: the special triangle, The Lancet Psychiatry 2:790-791 (2015), S Baron-Cohen
- A Genome Wide Association Study of Mathematical Ability Reveals an Association at Chromosome 3q29, a Locus Associated with Autism and Learning Difficulties: A Preliminary Study, PLoS ONE 9(5):e96374 (2014), S Baron-Cohen, L Murphy, B Chakrabarti, I Craig, U Mallya, S Lakatos, K Rehnstrom, L Peltonen, S Wheelwright, C Allison, S Fisher, V Warrier
- Why so few women in maths and science?, (2009), S. Baron-Cohen
- Mathematical Talent is Linked to Autism, Human Nature 18:125-131 (2007), S. Baron-Cohen, S. Wheelwright, A. Burtenshaw and E. Hobson
- The Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) : Evidence from Asperger Syndrome/High-Functioning Autism, Males and Females, Scientists and Mathematicians, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 31:5-17 (2001), S. Baron-Cohen, S. Wheelwright, R. Skinner, J. Martin and E. Clubley
Staff:
- Dr Varun Warrier
- Professor Sir Simon Baron-Cohen
- Professor Carrie Allison
- Dr Rosie Holt
- Dr Ravi More
- Paula Smith
Funders:
- Templeton World Charity Foundation
- Autism Research Trust (This charity closed in 2023 and is replaced by Autism Action)
- Wellcome Trust